Editor's note: refers to the metal casting mold manufacturing molds, dies mineral materials, rubber or plastic molds and other uses of the mold manufacturing.
Key products include: metal foundry sand box, mold base, mold and the mold bottom and mold; metal, cast bronze carbide mold: stamping die, forging die, powder metallurgy dies; rubber mold, plastic mold, glass with mold, mineral materials mold, drawing dies, electronic special mold, molding inorganic materials; die sets, mold standard parts; and not elsewhere in the mold. From the global perspective of industrial equipment manufacturers,bronze bushing based on the domestic market, taking into account the global market environment, demonstrating the development of the industry trends and problems for banks, financial institutions, government, consulting firms, manufacturers and distributors to provide professional-level agents market reference and guidance.
First, define the industry and main products:
According to National Bureau of Statistics to develop a "national economy,dry bushing industry classification and code" refers to the metal casting mold manufacturing molds, dies mineral materials, rubber or plastic molds and other uses of the mold manufacturing. The National Bureau of Statistics industry classification in 2003, plain bearing after adjustment, the national industry category code: C3625. Include:
Metal foundry sand box, mold base, mold and the mold bottom and mold;
Metal, sleeve bushing carbide mold: stamping die, forging die, powder metallurgy dies;
Rubber mold,DU bushing plastic mold, mold for glass, mineral materials mold, drawing dies, electronic special mold, molding inorganic materials;
Mold, mold standard parts;
And not elsewhere in the mold.
Second, bushing the international characteristics of the mold manufacturing industry;
According to national reports, the mold industry in Europe and other industrialized countries are known as "the Golden" and "magnetic industry" is now the world's mold industry faster than the emerging electronics industry,brass bushing has achieved the mold specialization, standardization and commercialization of, and thus by the praise. U.S. industry that "die industry is the cornerstone of American industry," said the mold industry in Japan as "Mould guide plate the driving force into the affluent society", in Germany, was dubbed the "king of metal processing industry," the title, but said some EU countries "Mold is gold", the Singapore government put the mold industry as a "magnetic industry", plasic bushing China mold authority called the "die is money machine." Visible mold industry in the economic development of countries in the world has an important position. Die technology has become the measure of a country's manufacturing is one important indicator of the level.
From the data that currently, the United States, Japan, Germany and other developed countries have more than mold machine output value output value. Die technological advances have greatly promoted the development of industrial products, mold is the "efficiency amplifier", with the mold the final product will be worth several times more than its price or even a hundred and a thousand times. Die deeply on the global research Luobai Hui said that the current international mold manufacturing industry in the production and operation has the following characteristics:
(1) personnel streamlining, "thin" type management. Most mold companies in Europe and America is small, number of employees over a hundred less, the number of inspection mold companies are generally 20 to 50 people. Configuration of various categories of personnel is very streamlined, multi-skill, more than one post within the enterprise can not see the idlers. Lean production, "thin" type of management thinking has been well reflected.
(2) The professional, product positioning standards. The mold inspection companies, mostly around the automobile and electronics industries, the demand for various types of mold to determine their product positioning and market positioning. In order to survive in market competition, and development, each manufacturer has its own advantages mold technology and products, and have adopted specialized methods of production. Most mold companies both in Europe and America a number of long-term cooperation in the mold user, a group of companies around the large mold mold manufacturer collaboration. This reciprocity, mutual benefit, win-win partnership coexist, and some have lasted 30 to 40 years.
(3) the use of advanced management information system to achieve integrated management. Mold companies in Europe and America, especially in larger enterprises die, basically a computer management. From production planning, process development, to quality inspection, inventory, statistics, the widespread use of computers, various departments within the company to share information via computer networks.
(4) technology, advanced management, high degree of standardization. Most of the domestic mold factory to adopt a fitter or fitter-based lump sum of different modes of production organization, is a mold manufacturer in Europe and America by the advanced process equipment and process routes to ensure part accuracy and production schedules.
Deputy dies of each design are detailed, including the detailed design of each part, and have developed a detailed process. China's mold to the world, is essential to deepen and expand exports. Mold companies in Europe and America advanced technology and advanced management to the production of large, sophisticated, complex mold, to promote the automotive, electronics, telecommunications, home appliances and other industries play a vital role, but also to bring the good die business economic benefits. Mold companies in China, per capita annual sales of 20 million dollars; Italy, per capita sales are $ 100,000 or more. Compared with the domestic mold companies, even after deducting price factors, the production efficiency of European and American mold than we many times higher.
In technology development, international mold manufacturing industry has the following characteristics:
(1) CAD / CAE / CAM wide application, showing the use of information technology to stimulate and promote the superiority of the mold industry.
In Europe, CAD / CAE / CAM has become the universal application of die enterprise technology. In the application of CAD, has gone beyond the drawing board to get rid of two-dimensional drawing of the initial stage, the current 3D design has reached 70% ~ 89%. PRO / E, UG, CIMATRON and other software applications are common. These software applications can not only complete 2D design, 3D models also available for NC programming and CAD / CAM integration to provide a guarantee. Application of 3D design, but also in the design of the assembly interference checking to ensure the design and craftsmanship and reasonable. CNC machine tool widely used, ensure that the mold machining accuracy and quality. 30 to 50 people die companies, typically have a dozen sets of CNC machine tools. After CNC machining parts directly to assembly, so that greatly reduced the number of assembly fitter.
CAE technology has gradually matured in Europe and America. In the application of CAE in injection mold design analysis software to simulate the plastic die process of the cooling process to predict the molding process defects may occur. Application of CAE in die design software, simulation of metal deformation process, the distribution of stress and strain analysis to predict rupture, wrinkling and springback and other defects. CAE technology in mold design and growing role in the Italian application of CAE technology COMAU company after the tryout time was reduced by 50%.
(2) In order to shorten the molding cycle, improve market competitiveness, commonly used in high-speed machining technology.
High-speed cutting is the cutting speed, high feed rate and high processing quality as the main feature of the processing technology, the processing efficiency of the cutting process than the traditional higher several times, even ten times. At present, European and American enterprises in the production molds are widely used high-speed CNC milling, multi-axis linkage comparison, there are some five-axis, the rotation is generally ~ 30 000 15 000 r / min. High-speed milling technology, can greatly shorten the molding time. The high-speed milling of the mold surface after finishing with only minor polishing can be used, save a lot of grinding, polishing time. Europe attaches great importance to technological progress mold companies and equipment updates. Equipment depreciation period is usually 4 to 5 years.
Increase the speed CNC milling machine, a mold one of the key business investment in equipment.
(3) rapid prototyping and rapid tooling universal application.
As an increasingly competitive market, product upgrading is accelerating, rapid prototyping and rapid tooling technology came into being, and quick access to common applications. Exhibition in the European mold, rapid prototyping and rapid tooling technology occupies a very prominent position, with
SLA, SLS, FDM and LOM and other types of rapid prototyping equipment, but also specializes in prototyping and manufacturing services to institutions and companies.
Many manufacturers use of rapid prototype plastic mold pouring silicone rubber mold, plastic parts for the small amount of reproduction, is ideal for product trial.
Third, the world's major regional development Die:
1, the United States.
In recent years, the U.S. manufacturing sector into recession, the manufacturing sector to the global shift also affects the mold manufacturing industry. 2006, U.S. special tools, dies and fixtures installed about 8.29 billion U.S. dollars of total revenue, total profit of 24.88%, 2.06 billion dollars. Import and export value of 1.43 billion U.S. dollars, major trading countries were: Japan, $ 460,000,000 (32.07%); Canada, $ 460,000,000 (32.06%); Germany, $ 130,000,000 (9.39%); Mexico 6 thousand 5 million (4.58%) ; China 5 4 thousand million (3.18%).
2006, 1.01 billion worth of imports, the major importing countries were: Japan, $ 430,000,000 (42.19%); Canada, $ 2,960,000,000 (29.18%); Germany $ 110,000,000 (10.87%); South Korea 3 thousand 6 million; China 3 million (2.93%). 2006, the export value of $ 3,870,000,000, the main exporters are Canada, $ 1,600,000,000 (41.39%); Mexico 2 6 thousand million (15.99%); United Kingdom 2 thousand 5 million (6.46%); Germany, 2 million U.S. dollars (5.05 %); Japan 1 thousand 5 million (3.96%). U.S. mold manufacturing industry in terms of the strength of CNC machine tools: the first with the U.S. automobile, bearing production demand, the full development of a large number of automated mass production of automatic lines required, and the electronics, computer technology in the world's leading, so the main design of CNC machine tools , manufacturing and CNC system based on solid, and always placing emphasis on research and innovation, so the high-performance CNC machine tools has been the leading technology in the world.
2, Germany.
Germany is the first European countries engaged in mold manufacturing, manufacturing industry after World War II, the rapid development of increasingly sophisticated techniques to mold manufacturing, precision is more recognition of the global users, and reputation in the world, is the world's most important supplier of one of the mold. Manufactured in accordance with the German Machinery Association (VDMA) data show that the number of its approximately 5,000 mold makers, of which there are VDMA member companies die 90, the output value of 90 enterprises die die output value accounted for 90% in Germany, but the mold industrial structure is still dominated by SMEs, companies with less than 20 employees accounted for Bacheng, the number of employees 20,100 people about 19%, more than 100 employees accounted for only 1%. Based on the information published ISTMA German sales value of the mold tooling about the seven major European countries into the total sales value of five, ranked second in Italy than EUR 2.2 billion is much higher, showing that the German mold industry in Europe, even in the has a pivotal position in the world. Import and export of the country, the German main supply source of imports for the dies in Switzerland and the European Union countries such as Italy, Switzerland, Czech Republic, France and Austria and other countries, including Italy, accounting for about one-fifth of the total import value, ranking the first, also at the same time rubber and plastic injection and compression mold with injection and compression molding and metal largest supplier of imported Swiss share of second place, for the pressure, stamping or punching tools for the largest supplier.
Germany is still the main export areas mainly European countries, Switzerland, since 1997, which is Germany's leading exporter, but with gradually moved downstream product manufacturing base in Eastern Europe countries include the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and other countries, making exports to the Czech Republic in recent years substantial proportion of the growth, it also highlights the emerging global manufacturing shifted to the trend of industrial countries. China in recent years become Germany's third largest exporter, is about 8.0% percentage of total exports, as exports to other Asian markets (such as Japan, South Korea and Taiwan) is a minimal amount of weight.
Currently, Germany is still the market leader among the European mold, mold in the global market also occupies a pivotal position, but in recent years by China and Eastern Europe (eg Czech Republic, Hungary) manufacturing base in emerging areas such as the rise of the impact of new and face a similar situation Another
Die powers - Japan, the original rock-solid industry has a loosening of the mold, the mold industry with the German set up factories abroad, and gradually moved on.
3, Japan.
Sino-Japanese War in 1945, just after the mold industry in Japan as the industry has not been there, as trade liberalization and the increase of imports, the country mold into a very difficult business situation, the Japanese government began to realize that mold is to determine international competitiveness of Japanese companies important products, the need preferential support, to begin with the development and implementation of "interim measures of Machinery Industry Revitalization Act" (referred to as "machine vibration Act"), enacted in 1956, in 1961 and 1966 were extended 5 years, and in 1971 and 1979 after the unification of the relevant laws and regulations, officially expired in 1985. "Machine Vibration Method" in the "Basic Plan for the mold manufacturing rationalization," to propose a process of operation that the basic computing model to rationalize the control by the mold companies do to the original material and Industry Division of equipment modernization program, after examination, the Japanese Development Bank Special financing. According to statistics, the implementation of the "machine vibration method" started 5 years to 6.5% of 294 companies received special interest funding of about 11.2 billion yen.